Statistics

Normal Distribution Calculator

Convert raw scores to z-scores and compute tail or interval probabilities for any normal distribution.

normal distributionz-scoreGaussian
Normal Distribution

Calculate z-scores and tail probabilities for the normal distribution.

Z-score
1.2
Probability
0.88493
PDF at value
0.194186

Normal CDF

Φ(z) = ½ [1 + erf(z / √2)]

The calculator leverages an error-function approximation to deliver accurate probabilities and densities.

How to use

  1. Enter the mean μ and standard deviation σ.
  2. Provide one or two values depending on whether you want a single tail or a between probability.
  3. Read the z-score, PDF value, and probability.

Example

Input: μ = 0, σ = 1, mode = P(X ≤ a), a = 1.2

Output: z ≈ 1.2, P ≈ 0.884

Student-friendly breakdown

This walkthrough emphasizes the most searched ideas for Normal Distribution Calculator: normal distribution calculator, z score calculator, normal cdf calculator, probability between two z scores. Start with the formula above, then follow the guided steps to double-check your work. For quick revision, highlight the givens, plug into the equation, and finish by verifying your units.

Need more support? Use the links below to open the long-form guide, browse additional examples, or hop into adjacent calculators within the same topic. Each resource is interlinked so crawlers (and readers) can discover the next best action within a couple of clicks—one of the easiest ways to lift topical authority.

Deep dive & study plan

The Normal Distribution Calculator is a go-to tool whenever you need to evaluates z-scores and normal probabilities.. It focuses on normal distribution, z-score, Gaussian, which means searchers often arrive with intent-heavy queries like “how to normal distribution calculator quickly” or “normal distribution calculator formula explained.” Use this calculator to capture those intents and keep learners on the page long enough to send positive engagement signals.

Under the hood, the calculator leans on the calculator leverages an error-function approximation to deliver accurate probabilities and densities.—that’s why we surface the full expression (“Φ(z) = ½ [1 + erf(z / √2)]”) directly above the interactive widget. When you embed that formula inside H2s or supporting paragraphs, you help both humans and crawlers understand what entity the page represents.

Execution matters as much as the math. Follow the built-in procedure: Step 1: Enter the mean μ and standard deviation σ. Step 2: Provide one or two values depending on whether you want a single tail or a between probability. Step 3: Read the z-score, PDF value, and probability.. Each numbered instruction is short enough to scan on mobile but descriptive enough to satisfy Google’s Helpful Content guidelines. Encourage students to jot down units, double-check signs, and compare answers with the Example card to build confidence.

The Example section itself is packed with semantic clues: “μ = 0, σ = 1, mode = P(X ≤ a), a = 1.2” leading to “z ≈ 1.2, P ≈ 0.884.” Pepper similar narratives throughout your copy (and internal links from related guides) so canonical search intents are answered without pogo-sticking back to Google.

Quick retention checklist

  • Speak the formula aloud (or annotate it) so the relationships stick.
  • Write each step in your own words and compare with the numbered list above.
  • Swap in new numbers for the Example to make sure the calculator (and your logic) handles edge cases.
  • Link out to at least two related calculators to keep readers exploring your topical hub.

FAQ & notes

Can it compute two-tailed probabilities?

Use the between mode with symmetric bounds (e.g., ±z) to obtain central or tail probabilities.

What happens if σ = 0?

A zero or negative standard deviation is invalid for a normal distribution, so the calculator flags the input.

What formula does the Normal Distribution Calculator use?

The calculator leverages an error-function approximation to deliver accurate probabilities and densities.

How do I use the Normal Distribution Calculator?

Enter the mean μ and standard deviation σ. Provide one or two values depending on whether you want a single tail or a between probability. Read the z-score, PDF value, and probability.