Physics

Force Calculator

Apply Newton’s second law by entering mass and acceleration to get force in newtons or pounds-force.

forcenewtonmass
Force (F = m·a)

Compute force from mass and acceleration using Newton’s second law.

Force
42 N
Kilonewtons
0.042 kN
Pound-force
9.442 lbf

Newton's second law

Force = Mass × Acceleration

Mass may be in kilograms or pounds (converted internally). Acceleration accepts m/s² or ft/s² so the resulting force matches the unit system.

How to use

  1. Choose your preferred mass and acceleration units.
  2. Enter the values with appropriate signs to indicate direction if desired.
  3. Read the force in newtons, pound-force, and kilonewtons.

Example

Input: Mass = 12 kg, Acceleration = 3.5 m/s²

Output: Force ≈ 42.0 N, ≈ 9.45 lbf

FAQ & notes

How do I work with gravity?

Enter 9.81 m/s² (or 32.17 ft/s²) as the acceleration to approximate the force due to Earth's gravity.

Can I solve for mass or acceleration instead?

Use the speed/distance/time layout as a template; this calculator currently solves only for force.